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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-08-08 16-290 Council Documents (4) ielrr Pbrtta d,ME
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August 3,2016
YIA TMAIL
Hon. Sean Fateloth,Chair
Bangor City Council
73 Harlow`Street
BangorME E E}4401,
RE °j,� 3 f,: r �� x ti exkg l t4 , g r lel: �,Uth t JCL
from 300 to 500 w'— Clem 1.Fig
Dear l Fairc1ath.and Members of tile CUY Council:
This filing addresses several issues were raised at the August 1,2016 hearing and
supplements the materials that were d with the Council in the Notebooks we distdbuted
that time, We will also recap some of the key points that were discussed and provide some
further perspective.
Penobscot City Metro Toxament Center(`Metro")and we look forward
participating in the August 8 continued hearing,and are most hopeful that approval will be
forthcoming at this meeting. Among the many factors supporting approval:
• Metro 44 been licensed and has been operating at its current site on Hogan Road for
the past 11 years;
• Metro has all required licenses,certifications and authorizations from the U.S. Drug
Enforcement Agency(''DEA"),),the U.S.DHS SA H A and the Maine Department
of Ihmtan Service, See Notebook,Tab 1, and multiple attachments;
• State licensing laws provide that licensed clinics may treat up to 500 patients,and
may expand their authorized slots to this 500 level Through a simple amenthnent
process with Maine H S Division of Licensing.and Regultdoty Service& Metro
has completed these steps. See DM-1S Licensing Regulations, 14-118 Cvlik
Chapter 5,Regulations for Licensing and Certifyingof Substance Abuse Treatment
Programs,at Section 19.8.43,and Notebook,ok,Tab 10,e-mail from Sarah Taylor dated
June 16,2016;
•
State licensing regulations authorize licensed clinics to expand to 700 slots through
waiver process set forth in the Licensing Regulations,Section 19.83. This waiver
process was utilized by Discovery House in 13angor to expand its authorized slots
from 500 to 700 in 2010,with the approval of the Bangor City Council following a
public hearing,with one dissenting vote.
Pteti Flaherty
Bel,eau&PachitsI.LP
Attorneys at Law One aty+Carder,Potts ME 04101 I PO 80x954C Portland,ME 041124546 I Tel 2071913000 I watte.prtttheutt
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Why Bangor and Why Not Another Location?
At the hearing, Metro's witnesses presented extensive evidence to demonstrate the bases
for its determination to expand the Bangor clinic from 300 to 500, and to show further that
creation of a clinic in a different site was not a feasible alternative from many perspectives.
Expansion of Bangor is Far Mare Economically and Financially Feasible than
Development of a New Alternative Site
First, James Scully,Director of Facility Operations for Colonial Management Group,the
parent of Penobscot Metro,presented the attached chart,titled"Penobscot County Metro TC
Expansion." This showed that:.
• Metro has already invested$630,000 in the buiidout of the current facility,and an
additional$20,000 in an improved security system. The annual operating cost
increases for these improvements is$25,000;
• Thus,Metro has a total investment of$675,000 in enhancements to its facility to
handle the current census—and the potential expansion. These art now"sunk costs"
that were incurred with the reasonable expectation that its expansion will be approved
by all governmental entities;
• As Metro ramps up to 350 patients,an additional counselor will need to be added to
the eight it now has, at a coat$40,000 to$50,000;
• Going from 350 to 400 patients will require an additional nurse,Treatment Services
Coordinator,and an additional counselor,with accompanying annual expenses for
these three positions of in the range of$120,000 to$145,000;
• Going to 450 patients will require an additional counselor with an accompanying cost
of$40,000 to$50,000;
• Going from 450 to 5.00 will require yet another counselor at an additional cost of
$40,000 to$50,000;
• The aggregate total of these incremental additional staffing costs to go from 300 to
500 patients ranges between$240,000 and$295,000;
• These incremental coats will be incurred gradually as Metro ramps up at a rate of
between 8 to 16 new patients each month.
In sharp contrast,developing a new clinic in another Maine location would require a total
initial additional investment of approximately$860,000,with sub-elements of$300,000 to
$350,000 in development of the site and buildout of an appropriate site with the required security
systems and so on,along with the furniture, and related technology and supplies. The annual
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August 3,2016
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operating costs would be an additional$100,000 and the initial clinic startup staff for a 200
patient capacity would be approximately$500,000.
Lack of Sufficient Demonstrated Need or Critical Mass in Other Sites Where Current
Patients and Waitlist Patients Reside
Second,there is no alternative site that is superior,or even remotely close to Bangor,in
terms of geographic access to the numbers and residences of patients now being treated or on the
waitlist. No other site would provide sufficient critical mass of patients to make the site cost-
effective.
The information presented by Lisa Davis and James Harrison at the hearing,included at
Tab 3 of the Notebook,showed that among the 60 patients who have expressed again that they
are ready to enter treatment,41 of these 60 reside in.Penobscot County,and of these,28 reside m
Bangor,Brewer and Old Town.
It was suggested at the hearing that alternate locations might properly consider county
seats or other significant cities or towns. The Tab 3 chart shows that there is one patient from
Belfast seeking treatment at Metro,and four from Ellsworth. There are four patients from
Millinocket. The Metro patients currently receiving treatment at the Bangor facility are
predominantly from Penobscot County—201 out of 300,with a significant portion of these
coming from Bangor(62),Brewer(12),Hermon(11), Old Town(14),etc.
The above analysis demonstrates that another location does not make sense from several 1
perspectives—it would not be economically feasible, it would not permit Metro to realize the
benefits of the investment it has already made in the Penobscot facility,and it would not be more
geographically convenient for those on the waitlist or those currently receiving treatment.
Me adone and Crime
See Tab 7 in the attached Notebook,the NIDA Document,20 Questions, Question 4,Part
B-20—Does methadone maintenance treatment reduce criminal activity? This response is
provided:
Yes. Patients are less likely to become involved in criminal activity while in
Methadone maintenance treatment:
• Patients who remain in Methadone maintenance treatment for long period of
time are less likely to be involved in criminal activity than patients in
treatment for short periods.
• The availability of Methadone maintenance treatment in a community is
associated with a decrease in that community's criminal activity,particularly
theft.
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This NIDA Guide reviewed 24 studies and found that there was"an overall small-
medium effect . . . of the impact on Methadone maintenance of criminal activity. A large effect
size . — was seen in those studies that investigated the efficacy of Methadone maintenance
treatment in reducing drug-related criminal behaviors."
In another study cited by NIDA,there was a 70.8%decline in crime days within the four
month methadone maintenance treatment period. See pages B-20 and 13-21 for further details.
See, also Tab 9:
i9, Addiction Research Report,Use of a"Microecological Technique"to Study Crime
Incidents Around Methadone Maintenance Treatment Centers,Boyd et al.,
Department of Psychiatry,University of Maryland,Baltimore, February, 2012.
(DocID No. 10736922).
This Study concluded that"Methadone treatment centers,in contrast to convenience 1
stores,are not associated geographically with crime."
We appreciate that witnesses appearing at the hearing recited their personal_experiences,
and conveyed strongly held views. But their examples provided no objective broad-based data,
and did not assert that the perpetrators were current or former patients of Metro,or of any other
Methadone program,
Media one and Societal and Economic Costs fron0Lack of Treatment I
See Tab 7 in the attached Notebook,the NIDA Document,20 Questions, Question 18,
Part 13-55-59—Are there cost benefits to methadone maintenance treatment. This reviews
extensive research and notes"Research has demonstrated that Methadone maintenance treatment
is beneficial to society,cost effective,and pays for itself in basis economic terms." I
A 1991 NIDA Study of the yearly costs to maintain an opioid addict in New York
determined relative economic costs to be: $43,000 for an opioid addict untreated and on the
street(crime-related costs and security); $34,000 in prison, $11,000 in a residential program;and
$2,400 in a Methadone maintenance program. 1
Proven Efficacy of Methadone Treatment and Supporting Documentation
i
The Notebooks we distributed.at the hearing contained several tabs providing extensive
information regarding Methadone treatment,Methadone treatment versus Suboxone treatment
(Buprenorphine);course of treatment, etc.
i
These tabs are the following:
1
6 New England Journal of Medicine,July 28,2016,Treatment of Opioid-Use 1
i
Disorders,Marc A. Schuckit,M.D., (DocID No. 10793409) I
http://wmv.nejni.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJIN4a1604339?query=TOC
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7. NIDA(National Institute for Drug Abuse)International Program—Methadone
Research Web Guide—Part B—Questions and Answers Regarding Methadone
Maintenance Treatment Research(DocID No. 10747358)
httpst/Avww.drugabuse.gov/sites/defvlt/files/pdf7partb.pdf
8, U.S.])HHS Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA) Website Summary of Materials Regarding Methadone and Related
Treatment http:Mvww.satrOsa.govhnedication-assisted-treatment
a. Methadone Treatment—What is Methadone,flow Does Methadone Work,etc.
(DocID No. 10747302)
http://www.samhsa.govitnedication-assisted-treatmentitreattnenthnethadone
b. Medication and Counseling Treatment and Opioid Treatment Programs(OTPs)
(DocID No. 10747334)
c. Medication Assisted Treatment(MAT)--Buprenorphine Options,Among Others
(DoolD No. 10747345)
d. Buprenorphine—How Buprenorphine works, etc.(DocID No. 10747331).
The NEM Article stated as follows at p. 363 with respect to Methadone Treatment:
The effectiveness of methadone maintenance is well established, and this drug is
listed among "essential medications" by the World Health Organization. 11,45
Maintenance programs decrease mortality by approximately 50%among persons
with opioid-use disorders, decrease acquisition of 111V infection and hepatitis,
decrease crime and illicit-substance use, improve social functioning, and increase
the rate of retention in rehabilitation programs. 15,50,54,55
Methadone and Suboxone—Comparisons and Alternatives
Several of the Councilors raised questions regarding relative merits of Methadone
treatment versus Suboxone(with principal component Buprenorphine)as alternative treatment
modalities for Medication Assisted Treatment(MAT). Some speculated that the two treatments
were,or might be,functionally equivalent and wondered whether significant numbers of patients
who were receiving Methadone treatment could easily be transferred to Suboxone.
Mr. Harrison and Ms.Davis pointed out that the Bangor Metro clinic is licensed and
authorized to provide solely Methadone treatment. They noted that MaineCare coverage is
provided for Methadone,and that many physicians were not interested in attaining federal
Buprenorphine certification for a wide range of reasons.
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Dr.Weisman stressed that she had significant experience in both types of Medication
Assisted Treatment(MAT), and the determination of which medication made sense for a
particular patient was a clinical determination based upon a wide range of circumstances. She
noted that methadone had a well-documented 70 year history of safety and effectiveness,and
was more appropriate for longer term IV drug users,the"heavy hitters"who suffer from heroin
addiction,whereas Suboxone often made sense for those"light-weights"at the earlier stages
whose addiction arose from prescription drugs.
For further background,we call to your attention in this regard Tab 7 in the Notebook,
the NIDA document,20 Questions—question 19,Part B-67-69—How Do Buprenorphine and
Methadone Compare? Among the findings noted at the bottom of Part B-67 were as follows:
• Buprenorphine given in flexible doses appeared statistically significantly less
effective than Methadone in retaining patients in treatment.
• There was no advantage for high-dose Buprenorphine over high-dose
Methadone in retention.
Together,this testimony and the additional filings we have made demonstrate that
the documented need for additional Methadone cannot be satisfied by transferring these
patients to Buprenorphine for a variety of clinical,practical, economic and regulatory
reasons.
Methadone aid FQHCs L.D. 1213 in 2013
Some members of the Council suggested that greater access to Medication Assisted
Treatment rmArl generally,and to Suboxone treatment in particular,could be enhanced if
Maine's federally qualified health centers(FQHCs)were required to undertake to provide
Suboxone treatment As noted at the hearing,efforts were made in this direction in the State
Legislature,and we understand that the Bangor delegation and Council supported these efforts,
which have not thus far been successful.
The primary vehicle for these efforts was held in L.D. 1213,"An Act to Reduce Costs
and Increase Access to Methadone Treatment." This bill was advanced in 2013 and a hearing
was held on May 13,2013.
The proposal was not,however,supported by the trade association for FQHCs,the Maine
Primary Care Association. All 20 FQHCs are members of this Association. Attached is the
testimony of Vanessa Santarelli, CEO. This testimony noted several concerns at the bottom of
page 1 and top of page 2,including:
• The-need to provide supportive treatment and resources,including counseling
services;
• FQHCs would have to apply to the Federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Services for change in scope;
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• "There is also a great deal of upfront upgrades to facilities that they would need to
absorb and they[FQIICs]are already operate[ski on the narrowest of margins);"
th The testimony noted further that"there are certain facility and security changes that
would need to be made before CMS would allow you to move forward. For example,
storing Methadone requires security enhancements that our health centers currently
don't have in place because of the risk of theft."
The Maine Primary Care Association concluded its testimony by urging that the
Committee report bill out"ought not to pass."
Documentation of Compliance with State and Federal Laws and Inspections
At the hearing, Councilor Ra,Idacci sought documentation to further demonstrate that
Metro was in compliance with pertinent state and federal laws and that it was satisfying relevant
inspection requirements.
Metro's June 9,2016 Application(Tab 1 of Notebook)stated as follows,with the
referenced documents also attached as part of this original filing:
93-5.D. The applicant isin compliance with all state or federal laws,rules or
regulations regarding its opioid treatment program.
Metro is fully compliant with all applicable state and federal
requirements. We have attached the opioid treatment program certification from
the US.Department of Health &Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration; Controlled Substance Registration certificate
from the U.3, Department of.histice, Drug Enforcement Administration;
Certificate of Licensure from the State of Maine, Department of Health&Human
Services. Also attached is a summary of the three-year accreditation survey
outcome conducted by the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation
Facilities (CARP'International), an accrediting agency for opioid treatment
programs. Copies of current licenses, certificates, and accreditation documents
are attached at Tabs 3-7. [these are references to the Tabs to the Application
itself—within Tab 1 of the Notebook],
The Maine DIMS Licensing Regulations, 14-118 CMR Chapter 5,Regulations for
Licensing and Certifying of Substance Abuse Treatment Programs,at Section 19.82.2.1,state
that in order to he licensed as an OTP in Maine,a clinic must demonstrate compliance with:
Federal Certificate. 42 CFR Chapter 1, Subchapter A,Part 8, as amended,
including but not limited to,possession of a current, valid certificate from the
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration within the U.S.
Department ofHealth and Human Services(SAMHSA), which shall be the
demonstration of compliance with Sections 303(g)(v of the Controlled
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Substances Act(21 United States Code(USC)Section 823(g)(1)), as amended, to
dispense opioid drugs in the treatment of opioid addiction. This will depend upon
the OTP obtaining accreditation from an accreditation body that has been
approved by SAMHSA; and
Elsewhere in these Regulations,the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities
(CARP International),is recognized as the accreditation body approved by SAMHSA for
purposes of demonstrating fulfilhnent of the State regulations.
The June 9 Application attached the 18 page CARF report for survey dates of
September 17-18,2016,and issued a Three-Year Accreditation through November 30,2018.
Among the"strengths"that CARP noted at page 2:
The program facility is currently being expanded and renovated This is in
response to the increased need for services in the community
The Survey Summary went on to state:
On balance, Penobscot County Metro Treatment Center provides compassionate
and professional opioid treatment services in the Penobscot County area of
Maine. Services are provided in clean and welcoming offices that are
conveniently located Staff members work well together and collaboratively with
other organizations in the community. The commitment to provide quality
services can be seen throughout the organization. The organization has a few
areas for improvement, including ensuring that data collected are related to
objectives established in the strategic plan-and collecting additional information
for the assessment that includes efficacy of current or previously used medication,
gender expression, and history of witnessed trauma Leadership has expressed a
commitment to address the recommendations noted in this report.
Colonial Management Group, LI)dba Penobscot County Metro Treatment Center
has earned a Three-Year Accreditation Leadership and staff members are
commended for this achievement and encouraged to continue applying CARP
standards.
The 16 pages that follow review multiple facets of the clinic and determine that all
accreditation standards have been met.
Responding to the request for reports of prior inspections,we attach the CARP Report of
an inspection carried out October 18-19,2012 that resulted in a three year accreditation through
November of 2015. Many strengths were noted at pages 2-3 and else' here in the Report. At
page 3 it is noted:
The organisation provides excellent outpatient opiate treatment services and has
support and satisfaction with the services provided.
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For ease of reference,both CARF Reports are attached to this filing.
ADA Recap
Finally,pertinent provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act("ADA")and
multiple court decisions compel the approval of the expansion of treatment slots from 300 to
500, Multiple federal court decisions have determined that local zoning ordinances that purport
to impose any stricter standards on methadone clinics than those that are generally applicable to
other medical facilities and clinics amount to prohibited"facial discrimination"under the ADA.
In the Notebook,at Tab 13,we shared the Recommended Decision of Federal Magistrate
Rich dated March 31,2014 in CRC Health Group, Inc. v. Town of Warren(DocID 10764260).
This reviewed several prior court decisions pertinent to this review.
We now attach the decision of the Third Circuit Federal Court of Appeals,New
Directions Treatment Services,490 F.3d 293(3d Cir.2007)and call to your attention,among its
provisions;.
• Extensive discussion of the safety and efficacy of methadone treatment at pp.3-4;
• Review of highly regulated nature of the treatment,p 4;
• Discussion of unproven connections to alleged criminal behavior,and determination
that methadone patients do not pose significant risks,p. 13.
The Pennsylvania statute under review banned the establishment of methadone clinics
within 500 feet of schools,churches and residential properties,unless the local municipality
determined to waive the ban after a public hearing with notice and opportunity for participation
by affected property owners.
The Third Circuit held that the statute was facially discriminatory in violation of the
ADA and the federal Rehabilitation Act,and noted that provisions in the statute that give
municipalities the power to waive the ban in no way altered this holding.
Conclusion
Based on Metro's fulfillment of each the several criteria set forth in Ch. 93,we
respectfully urge the Council to approve Metro's application and permit it to provide treatment to
those urgently seeking treatment.See Notebook,Tab 2.
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Page 10
We look forward to working with Council to achieve this at your meeting on August 8.
Sincerely, Aor
p
Holly P.Doyle Jr.
Holly E. Lusk
JPD/rte
Enclosure
cc: Norman Hein:tam,City Solicitor(via e-mail)
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