Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout1999-05-10 99-184 ORDEROam NO 99-186 Date: 5-10.99 Item/Sultlat: ORDER, Adopting City of Bangor Fleet Acyuisidon and Replacement Policy Responsible Department: Administrative Services For some time, there has been growing recognitinn of the need to undertake a mmprehensive evaluation of the CiNs fleet acquisition and replacement process. For the past several months, City staff has worked on developing a discussion paper oudining all relevant issues and providing general background Information. Additionally, a financing plan, which would provide for the systematic scheduling of fleet acquisition and replacement was proposed. The Fnance Committee was presented with the Disolc4on Paper at its meeting of May V and endorsed the concept of the financing plan for fleet replacement. Staff was directed to prepare a policy incorporating the components of the DI9Cus51on Paper and financing plan for City Council coosideratun. The attached Order would formally adopt the Fled Acquisition and Replacement Policy providing guidance and direction to City Staff regarding future fleet acquisitions and establishes the necessary funding mechanism. W',w 4 Department Head Manager's CommMtd: Zr` ti4a1H& tl� Z1e4�L.5,1`�WJPK City Manager Associated Information: Order, Policy, Discusslon Paper Budget Approval: .. France Director Legal Approval: Ci olki or Passage _ Fine! Reeding Page _ of Referral 99-184 Anquedw Ca®cUm B]nvcaette My 10, 1999 CITY OF BANGOR (TITLE.) Order, By the pry Ca lofNe dryWeanvor. ORDEREDr MAT, the Bangor Qty Council hereby adopts Me Fleet Acquisition and Replacement Policy, which pioNdes for the systematic scheduling of vehicles and equipment within certain General fund Departments and establishes a financing plan; and BE IT FURTHER ORDERED, THAT implementation of this policy shall become effective with the CINs Jury 1, 1999 M June 30, 2000 fiscal year budget. IF CIn COUNCIL may 10, 1999 Notion for Passage Made sod Seconded 99-180 O EDEM title. Mooring City of Bangor Fleet A quicition and geplaceuvt Policy 99-184 City of Bangor Fleet Acquisition and Replacement Policy 1.0 Purpose The purpose of this Policy is to establish guidelines for the systematic scheduling of Fleet acquisition and replacement for the City of Bangor. 2.0 Policy Statement 2.1 The City of Bangor recognizes that scheduling fleet acquisition and replacement at reasonable intervals and funding fleet replacement at sufficient levels are both necessary components of fleet operation and ownership. 2.2 This Policy is intended to apply to equipment and vehicles owned by the City's Motor Pool Division, primarily involving all General Fund Departments with the exception of the Fine Department and The Bus, both of which have established separate reserve accounts. 3.0 Intent of Systematic Replacement Scheduling for the CM Ree[ It is recognized that the systematic scheduling of fleet acquisition and replacement has the fallowing benefits: 1. Reducing downtime for customer departments and divisions, thus creating the ability to provide higher levels of service to the public. 2. Reducing the need to retain extra equipment for backup capacity to maintain productive work schedules. 3. Eliminating the high expense associated with repairing, maintaining and owning old equipment and vehicles. 4. Enhancing the trade-in or sale value of the City's fleet through regular disposal of equipment and vehicles that have reasonable remaining value to other interested parties. 4.0 Funding Strategy for Fleet Acquisition and Replacement 4.1 Subject to the annual availability of funds as determined by the Bangor City Council, this Policy establishes an annual financing (borrowing) schedule beginning in 1999 at a level of $550,000 and increasing each year thereafter at a rate of 2.5 %. This schedule has been developed based upon the idertifted need to replace the Qty's fleet on a twelveyear cycle. The final amount to be financed and the equipment/vehides to be replaced in any given year will be determined through the City's annual budget development and approval process. 4.2 The Pooled Equipment Reserve account will be utilized as the account to which funds will be appropriated and from which funds will be expended. 4.2.1 Sources of revenue for this account may Include but are not limited to the following: 1. Annual Motor Pool Capital Outlay appropriations which shall begin In the FY00 budget at approximately $200,000 and which may increase annually thereafter at a rate necessary to fund the continuation of the replacement schedule on a twelve year cycle, taking Into amount such other revenue and cost factors as may be appropriate. 2. Any Interest earnings which the Reserve Amount may generate and accrue. 3. Any annual excess of Motor Pool expenditures under budget or revenues above budget. 4. Any proceeds from the sale of Equipment/Vehicles owned by the Motor Pool Division. S. Any savings achieved through the reduction of personnel or savings from the reduction In the Motor Pool parts budget due tc the lower number of older vehicles/ equipment being maintained. 4.2.2 Expenditures from the Reserve Account are anticipated to include: 1. Costs associated with debt service for equipment acquisition and replacement. 2. Emergency or unanticipated purchases of equipment as may be approved by the France Committee and City Council from time to time. 4.3 The Fleet Acquisition and Replacement Discussion Paper dated March 1999 Is to be considered the baseline reference document for this Policy. 5.0 Responsible City Officials Those City officials responsible for the oversight and implementation of this policy include: Assistant City Manager (Administrative Services Director), Finance Director and Feet Maintenance Supervisor. 6.0 Effective Date The Fleet Acquisition and Replacement Policy shall become effective with the July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000 budget year for the City of Bangor. March, 1999 City of Bangor Fleet Acquisition and Replacement Discussion Paper introduction 99-1" For same time, there has been growing recognition of the need to undertake a cumprehenswe evaluation of the manner In which the Crays Motor Pool Division (Fleet Maintenance) acquires and replaces vehicles and equipment Of particular concern to City staff has been the lack of systematic scheduling for the replacement of an aging City Beet, primarily due to the significant cost involved with acquiring vehicles and equipment. With the recent hiring of a new Fleet Maintenance Manager, Improved capability to track and identify the costs associated with operating older equipment, and a recognized need to address this Issue in a timely fashion, staff from the City Managers Office, Finance Department, Motor Pool and Public Works have prepared the following discussion paper. This document is intended to provide general background information pertaining to the City's Beet and can serve as a starting point for the City Council as it considers this important topic. II General Bk tl andRelated Information The City of Bangor Fleet Maintenance Division, located at 481 Maine Avenue, provides a wide variety of services to Gty Departments and Divisions. In total, the Motor Pool owns some 138 vehicles and 54 pieces of equipment. The Motor Pool also maintains vehicles and equipment owned by other Departments, including the transit buses. Excluded from this list are certain vehicles and equipment, which are owned and/or maintained by their respective Departments. For example, the Fire Department (fire trucks, ambulances, and rescue vehicles), Police Department (certain undercover vehicles and specialty vehicles), Bangor International Airport, and the Wastewater Treatment Plant own all or some of their fleet. In total, vehicles and equipment owned by the Motor Pool travel some 1,500,000 miles per year. While the vast majonty of vehicles/equipment in the General Fund Departments and Divisions belongs to the Motor Pool, the practice regarding vehicle/equipment ownership in Enterprise Rinds is different. Where financially feasible, Enterprise Funds generally purchase and own their Beet. In certain cases, Enterprise Fund Departments have maintenance capabilities which may be supplemented by the Motor Pool, as needed. This appmach has proven both satisfactory and successful for those particular Departments involved and thus this discussion will not focus upon equipment and vehicle acquisition in those areas. Major program areas within the Fleet Maintenance Division are: preventative maintenance, non -preventative maintenance repairs, vehicle reconditioning, parts Inventory, fluid disbursement and vehicle/equipment acquisition, the topic of this paper. The total Fleet Maintenance budget has historically ranged from $1.3 million to $1.5 million over the past ten years. This amount includes funding for capital outlay acquisition of vehicles and equipment. The Division budget is funded through established charges to the various customer divisions and departments. The total charges equal the total e q)endbure budget, thus netting to zero. This allows for full costs, including vehicle/equipment costs, to be accounted for in each deparrmental operating budget. In addition to the annual Motor Pool Operating Budget, there is an established reserve fund, known as the Pooled Equipment Reserve Fund. This fund serves two primary purposes: 1. To provide a source of funding sufficient to replace vehicles damaged through accidents or other causes. As the City Is self-insured for collision purposes on most of its equipment, a reserve fund is necessary to cover the unanticipated loss of equipment. For example, money from this account was used several years ago to replace a street sweeper that was destroyed by fire. 2. To provide a potential source of funding to supplement the Motor Pool's annual capital outlay account for the acquisition of vehicles and equipment. The availability of funding from this account for this purpose is highly dependent upon the available balance at any given time. As a general rule, the City has attempted to maintain a minimum balance of $300,000 to $350,000 in this reserve. Our preferred level of funds in the reserve account Is $400,000 to $450,000 which provides sufficient capital to replace one or more vehicles should an emergency or catastrophic situation arise. (Last year, the ice buster was purchased from this account). The current balance in the Reserve Fund Is $520,268. There have been rw direct City appropriations to this account for a number of years. Funds flow into this account from several sources, however. First, any remaining balance in the Motor Pool Operating Budget (expenditures below budget and/or revenues above projections) at fiscal year end is credited to this account. Second, the proceeds from the sale of any surplus equipment or vehicles, owned by the Motor Pool, are placed in this account. The City genemily pamcipates in a large equipment auction each spring and nets between $10,000 and $25,000 from the sale of equipment/vehicles no longer needed. Equipment taken to the auction has virtually no remaining value due to Its use, age and condition. Finally, any interest earned on the fund balance remains within the account. III Current Acouisition and Replacement Efforts As noted previously, the total Fleet Maintenance budget has approximated $1.3 to 1.5 million dollars In recent years. Of this amount, $194,000 on average has been appropriated for equipment and vehicle acquistion. Expressed as a percentage of the total Motor Pool appropriation, the City has been spending between 13% and 17% for capital equipment creeds. Expressed as a percentage of the value of the entire Fleet, however, the City has been only spending 2.9% annually for acquisition. With this rate of spending, it would take 34 years to replace the entire Fleet once, not factoring in any inflation increases. Table 1 presents a summary of recent Capital Outlay expenditures from the Motor Pool Operating Budget. Table 1 Motor Pool Equipment/Vehide Capital Outlay Budget Year Expenditure Amount 99-00 $213,014* 98-99 178,033** 97-98 236,746 96-97 214,974 95-96 195,171 94-95 257,434 93-94 156,690 92-93 102.882 Average $194,368 *Proposed; **Budgeted Although Mese appropriations are signiflcant, the level of funding has been insufficient to keep pace with generally accepted vehicle and equipment replacement schedules. Again, this is more dramatically Indicated by the fad that R would take 34 years to replace the fleet with the current average level of funding. Our best estimate of the amount needed to replace the Fleet ranges from $6,000,000 to $7,000,000. Using a target of $6,600,000 and a more realistic replacement cycle/depredation schedule of 12 years requires annual expenditures of $550,000. Given our current spending average of $194,000 annually, there has been an ongoing shortfall of approximately $356,000. The result of not fully funding and replacing equipment on a more realistic timetable has lead to an aging municipal fleet Table 2 highlights certain examples of older vehicles/pieces of equipment still in use by the City. Table 2 Uniting of Selected Equipment Id. No. Morel Yr. Type A ual Age UseNl Nge Variance Beyond Useful AV 267 1966 3.0eem Tractor 33 years 12-15 yrs. 15-18 yrs. 274 1974 Motor Grader 25years 15-18 yrs. 15-18 ym. 432 1974 Sweeper 25yeam 15 yrs. 10 M. 299 1975 Forklift 20yeers 24yrs. 4M. 323 1978 Snowbbwer 21 years 15-18 M. 3-6 M. 430 1977 4x 4 Mmwuck 22years 6-8 ym. 14-16 yrs. 174 1982 Mckup truck 17 years 6-8 yrs. 9-11 yrs. 195 1984 pickup truck 15 years 6.8 yrs. 7-9 M. 223 19R Tractor 27 years 15-18 M. 9-12 yrs. 185 1974 Mahan truck 25 years 10-12 M. 13-15 yrs. 250 19P Cube van R"am 641 yrs. 14-16 yrs. 52 1984 2 yd, dump trek 15 Mrs 3-5 yrs. 10-12 yrs. 51 1984 2 yd. dump buds 15 yeas 3-5 M. 10-12 yrs. 249 1984 2 yd. dump buck 15 years 3-5 yrs. 10-12 yrs. 202 19" Salt truck 22years 12-15 M. 7-10 yrs. 203 On Saittm9. 22yeam 12-15 M. 7-10 yrs. 230 1985 8 yd. dump/Mow cru& 14 years 8-10 yrs. "yrs. 231 1985 8 yd. dump/Mon truck 14 years 8 -lo yrs. 4f yrs. This listing is illustrative of the impact of not being able to replace vehicles/ equipment as they reach or exceed their useful age ranges. Of equal concern are the numerous vehicles and pieces of equipment that are presently at or very near their useful life noting. Feet replacement funding at current levels will cause equipment in this age bracket to significantly exceed useful life ratings as well. Perhaps the area of highest cencem are the medium size dump trucks. These 8 - yard trucks constitute the bulk of the CWs dump truck fleet and forth the backbone of our winter snow plowing efforts. The normal useful life of these vehicles is approximately 8-10 years. Of the 14 vehicles in this class, the actual age ranges from 8 to 14 years as the following table illustrates. Table 3 Age of Medium Size Dump Trucks m,x N. r coos Yw mo� uxhn ou xfiw nx at 9.pammmr Y. 236 1 1991-a0. DUM 9%92 &10 YM. dYRs. 2001 Rt, 19509 .Wm 105662 &10 YR5. 9YRs. 2000 225 19900 .Dum 111950 &10 YR5. 9YR9. 2000 228 I990a .Dum 9]SR 8-105-0.5. 9YR. 2000 205 IV .Dum 1129198 8-10 Ym. lO YRS. 1999 209 1989-8 .Dum W162 8.10 Ym. 10 YRS. 1999 235 19 -8 W. DumD 127173 &105-0.5. 11 Ym. 1996 240 19874 0.Dum 92113 8-10 Y9s. 12 YR5. 1 1 199] 241 LPo]d .Dum 93560 --910 —Ym 12 YR5. 1997 232 15&-9 W.Dum 98592 8.10 Ym. 13YR5. 111m 233 l9%B .Dum 135613 8-10 YR5.132. 1996 337 1988.8 .Dum 9%92 8.10 YR5. 1370.5. 1996 230 1985-8 W.Dum 130631 8.10 YR5. 145-0.5. 1995 231 19959 .Dump 106589 840 Ym.. 14 YP5. 1 1995 In a normal replacement cycle, the older vehicles in this dans would have already begun to be replaced. Given the Citys current funding efforts, however, and the pressing need to replace much older equipment, the older dump trucks in this class realistically will not be considered for replacement for many more years. Appendix 1, labeled Vehicle Replacement Cycle, provides greater detail of all classes of vehides and equipment Including age, mileage, useful life estimate, optimal replacement year and estimated replacement cost. Appendix 2 rank orders all equipment by the extent to which each has passed Its useful age. rVInnwct of Current F dno Approach The current funding approach can be summarized as follows: 1. The annual capital outlay appropriation Included in the Motor Pool operating budget, which has averaged under $200,000 for the past eight years; 2. Occasional use of the Pooled Equipment Reserve Fund as balances pent or as emergency needs are Identified; 3. Funding through City bond issues. The last bond issue for fleet replacement purposes was In 1993 and totaled $461,250. In broader terms, this approach of funding equipment replacement has contributed, over time, to the aging of the City's fleet Table 4 provides a summary analysis of the equipment age. 99-186 Table 4 Average Age of City Fleet Year Average Age of Equipment 1994 11.6 years 1998 13.4 years 2002 15.2 years* *projected increase age assuming current funding level of ±$200,000/year. The following discussion identifies a number of detrimental impacts associated with retaining equipment well beyond Its useful and/or productive life cycle. Downtime for Customer Departments and Divisions Much of the work performed by municipal departments and divisions necessarily Involves the use of vehicles and equipment This is particularly true In Public Works, Police and Parks and Recreation. It becomes more difficult and time consuming for Motor Pool to service, maintain, and more importantly, to repair this equipment as it becomes older. There Is a direct correlation between the age of the equipment and the amount of time It spends at the Motor Pool in a non-productive status. This downtime costs the departments in an indirect manner as worts schedules must be rearranged, workers reassigned to other projects and related job materials/supplies held, redelivered or otherwise rescheduled. Service to the public is certainly impaired as a result of these delays. Need to Retain More Old Equipment as Back-up Because of the overall age of the fleet and in particularly critical areas, there has been a need to build in back-up capacity to counterbalance the downtime problems discussed above. With some limited success, the City has attempted to hire or contract for this assistance when needed, but generally those who have the equipment need it themselves at the same time we do. Accordingly, in many instances, the City has retained older equipment that otherwise should have been disposed, in order to maintain work and productivity schedules. Obviously, keeping older equipment is costly and these Ponds could be put to better use by acquiring newer equipment. 99-186 Expense of Operating/Maintaining Older Equipment There have been numerous public and private sector fleet maintenance industry studies that have concluded that maintaining older equipment is more expensive than maintaining new equipment. This expense is caused by two Factors, labor costs (mechanic time) and parts cost. Given the age of some City equipment, we have found it very difficult M order parts, requiring the City to ether special order the part or have it manufactured at a premium cost. Additionally, as equipment ages, it becomes less fuel efficient, particularly with recent improvements and advancements in engine/transmission technology. Reduced Resale Value Over aged equipment and vehicles obviously do mit command the type of sale price or trade-in value that normally aged equipment would. Virtually all of the equipment that the City sells at auction or trades has very low residual value. The City essentially keeps vehicles and equipment In operation until the underlying framework breaks or rusts through. The penalty we pay is that there is little value left when it comes time to dispose of equipment Mus reducing a potential income source. The net result of analyzing the current funding approach becomes dear: Mere is an Identified need to develop alternative funding options and strategies for consideration. V. Eauioment and Vehicle Replacement 5tratmias Based upon the preceeding Information and analysis, staff has prepared a series of approaches for consideration. The various approaches have a wide range of financial Implications and each approach is discussed In detail below. Option 1. Continue the Current Funding/Replacement Approach. Under this approach, the City would continue its current practice of appropriating approximately $200,000 per year In Motor Pool Capital Outlay Account. From time to time, funds would be allocated from the Pooled Equipment Reserve Fund as balances allowed. Bonding for equipment would occur ether in times of dire need or when the City's other outstanding debt and/or debt service costs are low. The implications of this approach and the assodated costs are being 99-184 experienced presently and the long -Cann effect of this strategy has been previously discussed. Option 2. Increase Annual funding in the Motor Pool Capital Outlay Budge[. Under this approach, the Capital Outlay portion of the Motor Pool operating budget would be increased from the current average of $200,000 per year to $550,000 per year, an increase In spending of $350,000. (This amount would need to be induced annually to account for inflation costs of equipment/vehides). The practical problem with this approach Is that it becomes Increasingly difficult to fund this commitment in addition to other budget needs; municipal spending pressures and resulting tax rare implications. The budget impact of this approach for the first year would be sizeable, as this would be an immediate $350,000 increase to municipal spending. A phased in approach to reach a $350,000 Increase could mitigate the "sticker shock", but each year that this amount Is reduced or delayed only serves to further increase the age of equipment. Option 3. Under this option, the Motor Pool's vehicles would be completely replaced on a 12 year cycle. Funding would come from a combination of bond proceeds and Council appropriations, in the following manner, developed under the Indicated assumptions. Each year, approximately one twelfth of the fleet will be identified for replacement, based on a decision model Incorporating age, cost of repair and cost of replacement. Purchase costs would be funded by annual bond issues, the size of which will need to Increase over time in step with inflation. At the same time, annual appropriations will be made as in the past. However, under this model, the annual appropriation would be split Into two portions: one to service outstanding motor pool indebtedness; the balance to be appropriated to the motor pool reserve. Further, the annual appropriation will need to increase by 10% annually. As on be seen in Appendix 3, by 2007 the reserve is built up to a high point of Just over $1.4 million, and then begins M decline as funding tapers off from the annual appropriation, interest earnings begin to decline and, most Importantly, debt service is funded to an increasing extent from the reserve. At this point, annual appropriations will have Increased from $200,000 to $389,743. Over the sixteen -year time horizon shown In the spreadsheet, the following changes occur in each of the model's principal components (in thousands of dollars): Annual FY2000 FY2015 Dollar Ch %Chang Appropriation $200.0 $835.5 $635.5 10.0% Debt service 13.8 941.8 928.1 32.5 Amount financed 550.0 796.6 246.6 2.5 Reserve balance 537.0 433.1 (103.9) NM Assumptions: ➢ The current gross cost of replacing the motor pool's fleet of vehicles approximates $6.6 million, in current dollars. ➢ On a twelve year replacement cycle, this annualizes to approximately $550 thousand in current dollars. ➢ Inflation is assumed at 2.5% annually, the Investment rate on the motor pool reserve is assumed to be 6%, and annual appropriations to the motor pool are assumed to Increase at varying rates and amounts, as Indicated on the bottom lines of Appendix 3. Additionally, we have run some projections that take into account a number of cost saving measures, Inducing gradual staff reductions through attrition, lower expenses for purely repair parts and the defraying of acquisition costs through the sale, as salvage, of used equipment. Our additional assumptions in this regard, and as shown in Appendix 4, are as follows: The net cost of replacement, after taking Into account salvage value, approximates $5.5 million, in current dollars. n The decreasing need to repair alder equipment will gradually lessen the need for staff at the Motor Pool. Over the first twelve-year cycle, we anticipate the ability to eliminate three positions through attrition. This proposed reduction has been factored into the projection. n Further, as the fleet is gradually replaced, annual expenditures for parts should decrease from the current annual cost of $300,000 to $200,000 over a 10 -year period. While this is one way of addressing the problem, It appears that there are other solutions, as well, using a combination of bond and internal funding. We are exploring these options and will be able to give you further Information shortly. VI Conclusions and Recommendadorls This study has reached a fairy obvious conclusion — the current method of funding vehicle and equipment arquisdion and replacement is inadequate. Further, it has and will continue to lead to an increasingly older and burdensome municipal Fleet. This older Fleet will not be able to operate efficiently or effectively, causing unsatisfactory levels of service to City Departments and Divisions, and more Importantly to the general public. Scheduling Fleet acquisition and replacement at reasonable intervals and funding Beet replacement at sufficient levels are both necessary components of Fleet operation and ownership. The City is presently at a point whereby It must begin to seek, identify and implement a proactive strategy W the continuing problem of an aging municipal Beet. Unfortunately, there are no viable short-term answers or inexpensive solutions. Over the years, the City has kept older equipment beyond its useful life because that was less expensive, in theory, than funding the purchase of crew equipment on a regular basis. Although perhaps less expensive in the short run, one could argue that this approach will be more costly in the long con, if the current practice Is continued. We have now reached a critical decision point, a point at which the City must decide whether to contmre the past approach or to move forward with a more realistic, albeit more expensive, replacement and acquisition st ategy. Fortunately, we have Identified this problem in time to develop and Implement a workable solution for the future. Several potential options have been outlined in this document, and there may be variations thereof which may deserve discussion as well. Moreover, the Motor Pool has an excellent record of maintaining and repairing equipment which should assist the City in bridging the gap during the transkion period over Me next several years. Staff Involved with the preparation of this document would like to further discuss our thoughts with you and the City Council at your convenience. We look forward to reaching consensus on an overall strategy and plan that prepares the City for its equipment and vehicle breeds as we move into the 21" century. 10 99-184 n t APP MMI M(MiFt OC VE®CU,tM)WM]`6 I60WCR TCV= &y3Yaa8ve6kk'"E9mpmem l' Coiling BeYm.YdI1Wk<eme as Inge VeEkkX MOMIYna 5 MBp UMMA a A<IW Yua CM Vito, a M2� 19)) SaOCk 175M6 12-I5 in. 22yn. 1933 90,000 20031500 003 19)) S,kok 149,447 M15 M. IIyn. Im 90.000 20.102500 211 1983 SaOo-k WUIEMWME 161E 16 rs 1995 90,000 15003500 I.vr2Damp 210 1998 I4yd. Wap Ibl2yn. 2W8 1035M 115,00 214 1994 127,6 Uvnp 0.4]8 .4 1613yn 9yrs. 7,n 2004 103,500 lop 40,000 315 1994 12101. 51.115 1612 5 30N 10344 40,000 M Jump p 11111111111111d iiiiiii 236 1991 ByJ.Omnp 96.693 8 -toys. Byrs, 3001 92,435 IfWY11000 331 1990 8yd.Dmap IW,663 &IOyn. 9yrs. MW "no 75col no 1990 8 y 111,950 &Ions. gyre. 2003 89.880 750010000 2N 19% 8A.Dmry 9]571 &IOyn. Syn. NYJ 89,880 750010000 MS 1989 BMDmap 112,919 &IOM. IOyn 1999 87,344 SWlRW no 1989 8y60wnp 00,162 &Ions. IOyn. 1999 87,344 50017500 235 1988 87, Dwnp 127,1]3 8 -Ions. Il yrs. 1998 8MM 500,6]500 240 1987 3id.Dmap 93,113 &Ions. 127,n 1997 82,U6 4007,500 241 1987 Byd.Owap 9330 &IOM. 12yn. 1997 82,256 4000-5000 232 1986 97, lhurp %.691 &Ions. 13yn. 1996 ]9,)12 3500.000 233 1986 8y6Ownp 135,613 &toys. 13ym, 1996 ]9,]12 3500.800 237 1986 On Dmnp KM &IOM. 13yn. 1996 ]9.]12 3500.000 230 1985 BMDmap 130.631 &IOyn. 14yn 1995 ]].IW 30'J3500 231 1985 8id. map 106,554 &IOn, Myn. 1995 ))IN 303tPW SMWIDw ]A2 1996 2ydOwry 11,400 15yn. Syn 201 49.00 10,M0 1996 27, up 20.574 S M. 3M Woo 49,000 IQ000 24 1995 p,,TR 1I 417 350 It,,. 2000 47,530 5,000 258 1991 3ydDwnp Mnt 15yn. Bin. 1996 43,120 2,500 25) 1990 2yW=p IM,637 3,5M Syn. 1995 43.120 2,500 256 1989 2ydDmnp IINW 357,¢ IOyn. 19% 40,180 2,500 287 1989 2ydDmap 61,530 15yn, Ions. 1900 40.10 2,500 M) 1986 2yd.Gwp M42 150 13 its. 1991 35.110 2,500 N9 1984 4d.O p 167,B® "ns. 15 yn. 1989 33,830 2,50 51 MU Zyd➢u¢p 135 350 15 n,. 1989 32}30 1,000 53 19843yd,Dum Min 35 22 1982 34,100 I'm BaeNyT k 251 19934 x41 ,6 3,003 Syn. 1yr.. 203 nm 20,00 6) 1993 & t 39,007 150 6m 2008 I40.M3 40.00 216 1987 Vw91 41,910 M15yn, 12m 3999 150.003 M,M 449 198) Vm ]5}15 Mnln 12M 1995 "M 70 83 1986 Vm 113,143 6-8m 68m 1994 MM 750 238 1985 BaMx 68,417 ISM 15m 2M0 Am 3.500 227 1984 Bluff ]5,58) ISM 15 in 1999 40AM $ISM No 198E Ph RIMA 125,581 15yn. 171n. 199) 45,003 2,M) 212 190 WMIrt 34MII I0I2yn nm 1991 3,500 250 19)) WEe Vm n7A52 "its. nM 1985 28{00 ;SW 185 1974 PIWbm 67546 10-121m. 25on. I916 25.000 I,SW M3 1972 TauW I4]¢i0 I5-18im. 27 190 3%W0 4,5W PkkUpin k 170 1995 6aYm PN 36.614 1100 400 30W 2].600 Iolm 1]1 1995 Fx4�PN 4QIn ]-IO7,n. 41 2005 1],600 10.003 IR 1995 Etl mPN 3959] ]-IOm dm 2Wf E7.600 IO,MO 1]3 1995 ESPN 48486 ]-toys. 4m 200 27,00 10.003 99-L% APPS l MULOBPOOL VEHICLE AM CALM MEM BEPL4CEMEM CYCLE By Ty of VehiM SO E9uipmml ve"'S Cumm Pehmv46BepuCl: ap Ve6eB8 Moh1Ym 8 sS Mi VOLA"AenelA a Cotl voce 1 1-' yn. m 2005' 27, 54 1994 60,fi70 64 yn. Syn 2002 25,440 11,000 193 1991 110,315 69 yn. 9M 1999 15,LC0 1,500 TI 1990 " 92,385 68 yn. 9m 1998 .0.280 Aw 125 1989 N 94413 6d yn. IOm 1992 16m I'm 176 1989 N 51,136 68 mn IOm 1991 ISM 1100 111 1989 N 116576 68 mn IOM 1997 1680 I.WO 118 1989 74O�P� PN 88,022 6A yn. IOM 1992 16," IWo 191 1988 PN III,40 68 M. Ilm 1996 15,520 1,000 451 1%e PN 63,530 68 yn. Ilm 1996 15,520 I'm 255 1988 PN 64,355 68 mn llm 1996 15,520 LWO 181 1987 PN 142,401 6 -Sm. 12m 1995 ISMO 1.000 50 1986 EN 1@,695 "m, 13M 1994 14,50 M-1000 184 1986 m R,M "m. 13M 1994 14,50 5011000 192 1986 PN 115,646 68yn. 13M PAN 1450 mim 1% 1986 INPN 10.03 68 yn. 13m 1994 LINO S 100 195 1984 In=PN 94,432 "m. Ilm 1992 13,E m-im 53 1983 InSm PN N,688 68 m. 16M 1991 13,1" 5O No 174 1982 InmPN 83,011 68 yn. 17m 1990 1260 NO 1000 430 1911 414 88.541 68 UM 1985 ILW %O:oW "Hen 20 1997 4MUTA 0 611m. 2m 20M MW m 19% Rn'Tl 0 68m 3m 20M AWO m im H Tn 0 68m 3m 2ON AM 222 1981 Lw Ped 0 ID12m 12m. 190 MOO 2% IN7 9WRTA, 0 MOM 12m, Im 3,50 oipmm I 254 101 lna 630 IOM 2m. :01 81,M 40,03 YB OM1 WNer IY IOM 2m, 201 155.000 35,M NO 1991 Idler IM6 10yn 2yn, 2C0] 114,00 35.03 322 1591 3mMoenr 215 15-18m 2m 2015 103.00 WAN 260 1996 Skid w 00 1000 3m. HOE m'm 10.03 261 19% M-TTun 724 105'0. 3m. NO ZVXO 45.03 311 105 Air Camp me 105= dM. 205 15.00 130 312 1995 AvCmmp 392 IOM 4M, 205 MIKE, 130 308 1995 U vw IA75 ul8m. 4m. NO 50.00 51030 763 Im M -TRO L621 IOM 500. 1.004 WON 15,00 2N Im SO True Ij14 IOM Sm. 20N At" 8.00 219 OM3 an"a, 4jW IOM. 6m. 203 85,00 1%000 no 1993 Beakhoe AM lays. 6m. 203 85.00 10,000 293 INS Id5P1 un IOM 600. 203 10,00 35.000 350 Im IM 6451 IOm, 7yn. 102 low 36.000 259 1991 M -Tran ]846 Ia5= 8m. 201 Mow AND 277 1991 Oroier 4jU 15-18Yn LYS. 203 10.00 now 286 1%9 EVWm 8.471 15-18yOf ]INS 301 203,00 A0O 222 1988 Sxeepr 5.775 IOm Ilm 1938 125,00 10,00 273 1988 S'Smim 2$0 IOm IIM IWB 125.00 10,0W 275 1988 RAW I'm 1P12yn Ilm 200 35,00 15,00 282 1987 B" 9.10 IOM 1200. 1991 85,00 1,50 391 MY Iro 13.004 103'6 12Yn W 125,000 NPO 218 IN7 Pem 1.943 ILISM, 12M 202 50,00 219 1987 Cmb WA a Ml5m. 12m NOU CO, 1986 TrWm 09 IYISm I3M =1 25.00 4,500 323 1918 S blowr 1.834 15 -IBM 21 yn 1993 75.00 151Po0 310 1976 TmeSpM 0 1}IBm, 23m. I9M APP ml MO ORMOL VE (=ANOEQBIIPM MPLACCMENTCPCLE BY rycearvao-le.m Tqulp.ul Vane¢m 1 im Repie eflt S~tl vaill M dy,,, Bows Mnn UmIdAy A IA Vu, COL Vaiee Y. Y... 1995 15,UUU low 302 1975 6maa 159 15-Itym 24y 1995 ;SW Ail 19]4 Sw 0 Ism 25M 1989 13,400 14W 294 1924 3wa 13,154 15-19Y 25M 1992 18.5,000 3303 267 19% rl[ J,YA ILIS yn 33Y 1981 15,000 ljw in 1W A'L p 1 20 39 n 1980 15000 1}W Paa TL9 F 23,40 8-sy'. Syrs. 2m 26,30 24033 IW] im C v M1I55 5yn. 230. 2L02 25,30 1403 m ]OS C vm 30349 SYn. 2Yn. 2)2 23,3) 7) IM CTTw Vic ft 12.149 5yn. 2Y . 202 23,]) MW 741 im 1%2 Tmm 5yn. 249. 2Itl3 ,21,00 94M 9j) 242 1912 Tamm MAN 27,686 5yn. 2yn. 2)2 21,00 930 243 193Y Tao 22,913 5yn. 2Yn. 2)2 21,00 930 ]0 1936 Cepd= 02,625m. 201 23,00 W 7) 1996 COpn= ca 0,272 5m.Syn. 2)1 23,00 S,5A)3 70 1949 Capnm 10,530 51,,.Syn. 2)1 23,O0 5.03 712 1936 Ca 2,321 SM. Syn. 2491 23,OM 5.0'0 ]20 IAM Capn 105.782 5m.Syn. 23,)0 5.00 T21 19) CapeW 111,2705r, Syn. MI 2)1 23,M0 5,000 R4 1TM C,wiw 106,31 549. 3yn. 2491 23,00 5,000 19% 20,494 Sym 2)1 23.490 m 106 C Fi¢ Lamm 86,622 5m hm. 23 UN 3.000 715 715 Im COpn¢ IIL913 5yn 5yn *M IMP 1999 22y 3,300 216 190 Capnm 31 53n 5yn 1999 22,W) 2,500 226 1994 9p 4x 53, 33.0 IO34 5yn 2049 20,M3 5,00 712 1993 lap 9x9 139.356 6yn 6yn MM ]3.M Q3) 711 1933 C vic 118,358 3yn 6yn 1998 21$27 2,50 213 1993 Omm Vic 111,38 SYn 5yn 1998 21.493 230 232 1993 CLtlun® 249649. 5yn 2003 1.00 733 .Vx lliw,om Syrt 2001 AM 3,50 701 MI 1991 Grtlia 91.121 .ja 2403 AM I'MO 1988 Vm IOyn LOO 11 19" 19% I'm 7m 749 1988 OUOma 2M)n. .1 Him; llyn. 15J I5,M3 I'm YA 1988 MVJe)> 75,513 10�123n. IOyn 19% 190 1,00 232 1983 944 10-12m, 1998 15,)3 15'm I," 7" 1983 1/21m, PM IOA2Mn 1q 103 I9) 15.O0 239 1983 IZ USb PN M 10-12mn . 19% IS.033 I'm I,MO )34 IM9 P' 10-1i 13Yn 15 1 1 ,127 APPENDIX2 MOMR POOL V 111 FA"EQURMEMPEPLACEMEWCYCLE By EOti,,fAdllIA{elo Uulol ALe Ve641ep W&IVne maeoge Ue IAI, MIUYA UmllA p M153 4.0 5.50 51 19" Bm Wmp 135,220 4.0 15 325 249 1984 SmP 162,883 4.0 IS 3]5 292 1986 BmUonlp 2211,%2 4.0 13 335 250 1922 Speeu4y Tk 232.052 2.0 n 3.14 430 19]] PM Th 88,541 7.0 R 314 282 1989 Bmllwnp 61,530 4.0 10 2.50 256 1989 BmD 116,M8 4.0 10 2.50 262 1966 E pownl 3,300 13.5 33 294 124 1982 PN Th 83,071 2.0 17 2.43 53 1983 PN23t 98,688 2.0 16 219 185 1924 3{ac44y llk 67.596 11.0 25 212 252 1990 Bm.Uump 104,632 4.0 9 215 195 1984 PNTt %,432 2.0 15 2.14 2$8 1991 BmDlonp 190,221 4.0 8 2.00 180 1960 yulpmnl 1,225 200 39 1.95 M 1986 pmt 102,695 2.0 13 1.86 184 1986 PN Th 69,%8 2.0 13 186 194 1986 pmT . 108,063 2.0 13 1.86 192 1986 PN23Y. 115,646 2.0 13 1.86 212 1929 8peti T2 34,868 11.0 20 182 181 1982 pmT 142,082 2.0 12 VI 449 1982 B oidgT 25,345 2.0 12 L21 432 1924 Fquµ nt 0 15.0 25 1.62 223 1922 SpetlYy lik 142,030 165 22 1.64 083 1922 H 9Th 149,442 13.5 22 163 202 IM 8m4Th 175,836 13.5 22 163 255 1988 PM Th 64,355 2.0 11 1.52 191 IWB pmT IIIp09 10 I1 1.52 451 1988 MN 63,530 2.0 11 152 231 1985 Med p MG584 90 14 1d6 230 1985 MS p 130,631 90 14 1.56 224 1924 E9ui3wst 13,154 165 25 152 211 1981 UndM 125,281 110 16 145 302 1925 Pgoipmed 159 165 24 1.45 232 1986 MM.W p 9(692 90 13 1.44 233 1986 MCS.Pimp 135,613 9.0 13 1.44 232 19M I&Ii. mp 98,692 9.0 13 1.0 128 1989 PMT& 88,022 70 10 141 19 1969 PNTR 126526 2.0 10 L43 126 1989 MT& 51,136 2.0 10 IA3 125 1989 MTk 9,473 2.0 10 1,43 310 19]6 kgoipmml 0 163 23 139 234 1901 Fi 11.0 15 136 240 1982 mm. m 92,113 90 12 1.33 241 1982 MedPwp 93,560 94 12 133 22 1950 pmT M385 2.0 9 1.39 323 1918 Pgwpmml 1,834 165 21 1v 235 1988 M .A p 122,123 9A 11 L22 299 1925 Pgwpmwt 2,200 200 24 130 M1 1982 Pmp mt 13,084 100 12 LM 211 1993 howl Vi, 118,358 5.0 5 I'm 282 1997 Pqulpmml 9,160 100 12 120 213 1993 O Vic IIL848 5A 6 1311 183 1991 pmT 110,315 ]0 8 184 089 1982 8 Jft TM. 125,381 15.0 17 1.13 APP6NO1%2 MOTOR PO(IL V6IOCLB Alt"IA to VANN AS,ACP.M1ViYI'CVCLE By Batio agAtlutl Age la Uudl Age Ve2 Mabel Yen Bkle T Mite a Ue At1uYA UrtOtlA 05 Im,161 957 208 1989 Mld. m 90 10 1.11 222 1988 Gryrymmt 5.T5 too 11 1.10 233 1988 14ipmmt AA too 11 1.10 340 1988 Cvw too 11 1.10 330 1988 300411sm. 10.0 11 1.10 316 Im Ce 106951 5.0 4 LN 224 1990 AtuI, P IW.MS 9.0 9 Im 223 1984 8paisity Th. 75}63 15.0 15 IA3 83 1986 B ,Iw Th. 113.143 3A 3 I'm N6 1995 3m.I 14 417 4.0 4 Im 228 19m Me66mp "in 94 9 IN 225 19m Med.Imp 111950 9.0 9 Im 275 1988 E ip,= 1.38 11.0 11 1" 315 1994 cqp 111.913 SA 4 IM 138 1985 9{aialw T& K417 15.0 15 Lm 439 1986 14311mnmt 509 135 13 O.% 339 1985 Intim PN 11.0 10 091 729 1988 Mv4PN 75.513 [to 10 091 737 1985 Rdg40 11.0 10 0.91 738 1985 V2kn PN 53.101 11.0 10 0.91 301 1991 C Iin 91.121 9.0 8 om 219 1987 14 iMMt 0 0.5 12 ON 216 1987 8{ Iw Th. 41.90 13.5 12 0.89 218 1987 Yqulpnmt 1.943 13.5 12 It" 236 1991 MN.l) ry 98.692 9.0 8 089 89 1991 11wipeml 1.816 10.0 8 0.80 302 1993 lap4n4 04.046 BO 5 0.75 20 1V6 SM.Dump 20.574 4.0 3 0.75 242 1996 BmDump 25.41M) 4.0 3 075 54 1994 PNTA. %6" 7.0 5 071 350 1992 Fquipvem SA57 10.0 3 0.70 m Im Pqui{¢ml 8,471 165 10 0.61 292 Im FUipoal 8,555 100 6 0.0 R6 1996 L1pke 86,627 SO 3 0.60 38 I9% Cepim 70,034 5.0 3 060 3N 1996 Ceprim 106,821 SO 3 0..0 331 Im C p 211.NO 30 3 0.0 m I996 Capke 82.663 5.0 3 Om 308 Im OVix 09,892 SO 3 Om m 1956 C m 102,530 5.0 3 OW m Im E90 m 41785 100 6 Otto 712 IVA Cepnm 65,324 5A 3 OW 239 1893 EVop ml 4,393 10.0 6 Om RO I9% cmim 105782 5.0 3 060 732 1 C mm 2870", 10.0 5 0]0 333 Im Ow..Vm IOA 5 050 263 1894 Yquipvam 1,621 100 5 050 20 Im Fquilemm 1,214 too 5 OSO n6 I994 NIH* 53,03 100 4 om 2D Iml Pqul{mem 4,328 163 8 ou in 1995 PN To, 39,397 65 4 047 170 I995 PN Th 3b634 85 4 0.47 in 1995 pll) . 48,06 83 4 Ob 171 Im PN Th 4"m 83 4 0577 in 1995 PN3M. 28.10 65 4 OA7 APPENDM2 MarosPQOL VEHICLE AND EQUEEL PEPLACEMENT CYCLE Ey EMw at AM,l Ap b Uwf d Ap VMItleY Mwavw C;ilaiDux A ml SIee0lAiD L&Dwmp 5 215 694 4 Pimp 54,115 110 5 OA5 T06 1937 Q Vic 17,149 5.0 2 OAO 243 IM Tmm, 29,915 5.0 2 OAO 942 IM Tam M,6w 50 2 0A0 0 1915 B ft T& 3,649 150 6 0.40 512 1935 EIMPMm 392 10.0 4 0.40 311 193s NmP=0 248 10.0 4 &40 941 199! Tame 2M" 5.0 2 040 905 1999 Cmm Vic 30,260 5.0 2 0.40 XN I999 O Vio 44,155 so 2 0.40 MO 1996 Egwpmem w 10.0 3 0.30 261 19M E mmml M MA 3 0.30 ME 1935 Egwpmmi IA75 16.5 4 024 928 199/ ExpAV 25,M 9.0 2 032 2% 1992 Egmamu 630 10.0 2 on 289 1992 Egwpmml 1j36 100 2 0.20 251 1998 spwielg TR 3,M 5.0 1 030 288 1999 Egwpmmt I'm 10.0 2 020 922 1992 0ry'pmW 211 16.5 2 0I; 210 1998 1 00 116 1 003 �?c �) rs�m ncvcu A�m iooT nerwanarvT r�mnwc sTwrecv TOPeFLeCT WST BaVwGSaNOa888i9�L&4 �r